Ikarata y'indangamuntu: Ibikoresho, RFID n'Ibikoresho vyinshi

Ikarata y’Indangamuntu: Ingene Woyihingura, Ugahitamwo Ibikoresho Bibereye be n’Ugushiramwo Amajambo, No Gusaba Ivyinshi

 

 

Iyi nkuru igenda mu ngingo yose mu buryo uyifata: guhitamwo ikarita ukurikije uko ukoresha, gutegura icapa-ibishushanyo vyiteguye, gutora igikoresho, guhitamwo uburyo bwo gucapura, guhuza ubuhinga bwo gushiramwo amakuru n'abasomyi bawe, gutahura ibiciro vyinshi, no gukoresha amakarata ata n'imwe ishobora guhuza.

 

Ikarata y’indangamuntu y’umuntu ku giti ciwe ni iki, kandi wohitamwo gute ikarata nziza?

 

Ikarata y’indangamuntu y’abantu ntabwo ari ibimenyetso vy’amafoto gusa. Bikora kabiri nk'ivyemezo vy'ubugenzuzi-, abatwara amakuru, n'ibimenyetso vyo kurwanya-ubuhendanyi bifatanya n'abakozi n'umutekano. Kubera ivyo, ikarita "y'iburyo" ntabwo ari ikintu kimwe - ni ihuriro ry'ibikoresho, igice, n'uguheza bihuye n'ibidukikije izobamwo.

 

Koresha urutonde ruri musi nk’intango. Igaragaza ibikorwa bikunze gukoreshwa ku buryo bubereye. Niba utaramenya neza nimba ukeneye ikarata yoroshe canke ikarita IC ishingiye kuri chip-, umusiguzi wacu kuuko wohitamwo hagati y'ikarita ya IC n'ikarata y'indangamuntuipfuka ivy'ubudandaji-.

 

Ibikorwa vyiza:gufata ingingo y'ugushiramwoimbereigishushanyo. Igikoresho n'ivyo bikoresho bigena aho ushobora gushiramwo umwobo wo gutera, ingene ifoto ishobora kuba umwijima, rimwe na rimwe n'uburebure bw'ikarita - rero gufunga ivyemezo vy'uburenganzira ubwa mbere birinda gusubira gucapwa mu nyuma.

 

Ivyitegererezo vy'imiterere y'ikarata y'indangamuntu n'icapa-Ibisobanuro vy'ibikorwa vy'ubuhinga vyiteguye

 

Akenshi ugucererwa kw’ibitabu nta co bihuriyeko n’ugucapura. Biva ku bishushanyo vyashizweho nabi - uburyo bw'ibara ribi, ibimenyetso vy'ubushobozi buke-, canke umwandiko wicaye mu karere k'ugucapura. Kuronka dosiye neza incuro ya mbere ni igihe kinini-kizigama mu mugambi w'ikarita y'umuntu.

 

Uburyo bwa dosiye

Gutanga icapa-amadosiye y'imirongo yiteguye aho bishoboka hose: PDF/X ku gukora, canke AI/EPS ku guhingura inkomoko. PNG canke JPEG y'ubushobozi burengeye -yemewe gusa ku miterere yoroshe, y'ishusho{3}}y'umuco. Ibimenyetso bikwiye gushika nk'ibimenyetso (SVG/AI) aho gushika nk'ibishushanyo.

 

Ingano, amaraso, n'ahantu hatagira umutekano

Ikarata y’indangamuntu isanzwe ikurikije itegeko rya ISO/IEC 7810 ID-1 (CR80): ibara ry’izina ry’iminota 85,6 × 53,98 n’uburebure bwa milimetero 0,76 n’imfuruka zikikuje - ikirenge kimwe n’ikarata ya banki, ni co gituma ijyanye n’igikoresho cose co gufata igikapu, ikibanza co gusomeramwo ibintu bibi. Wongereko 3 mm y’amaraso ku ruhande rwose, kandi ugumize inyandiko zihambaye n’ifoto nibura 2–3 mm imbere mu ruhande rwo gucapura.

 

Igisubizo n'ibara

Koresha nibura 300 DPI maze wubake amadosiye muri CMYK, atari RGB. Dosiye za RGB zisa n'izigororotse ku mugaragaro ariko zihinduka mu gucapura, ivyo bikaba ari vyo bituma amabara-ahuye n'ibirego. Sobanura ivyerekeye Pantone nimba ukuri kw'ibara ry'ibara ari ikintu gihambaye.

 

Ibisabwa n'amategeko y'amafoto

Ikarata nyinshi zifise izina ryose ryemewe n’amategeko, inomero y’indangamuntu y’umukozi canke y’umunyeshure, ifoto y’umuco wa pasiporo-, igisata canke uruhara, itariki izoherako, kandi kenshi na kenshi kode y’uruzitiro canke kode ya QR. Amafoto akwiye gukoresha inyuma y’umuco udafise aho abogamiye, mu maso hagati hari intugu ziboneka, ata n’ibiyunguruzo, kandi amafoto atandukanye cane - afise ubudasa buke-ashobora gucapura nabi munsi y’umuryango-amakamera y’abasomyi no mu rumuri ruto.

 

Akarusho k'akarorero benshi mu bacuruzi barasimbuka

Ivyiyumviro bikora bizigama inzinguzingu z'isubiramwo: biteguye-ku-gukoresha amadosiye y'akarorero ya CR80 afise ikimenyetso c'amaraso, ahantu hatagira umutekano, mbere -gushiraho ibibanza vy'imyobo -, na - ku makarita y'ibipande - nta zone y'icapa /{}}8 " Uruhara-ibigereranyo vyihariye (umushyitsi, umukozi, umukozi) vyihuta kwemezwa kuko abasubiramwo babona imiterere ya nyuma ubwo nyene.

 

Mu bikorwa, amakosa asanzwe y'ibikorwa vy'ubuhinga ni ugushira umwobo hejuru y'uruzitiro rw'antene ya RFID (rwica igice), gutanga hanze muri RGB, gukoresha ikimenyetso kiri hasi cane-resolution kugira ngo icape neza, no guhitamwo ifoto iri mu mwijima cane kugira ngo kamera ishobore gusomwa.

 

Ni ibihe bikoresho vyo gukoresha mu gukoresha ikarata y’indangamuntu ukwiye guhitamwo: PVC, PET-G, Ivyuma vy’ivyuma, canke Ivyuma vy’Ibidukikije?

Guhitamwo ibikoresho ni vyo bifata ingingo y’igihe ikarata izomara be n’ingene yigenza iyo hari ubushuhe, umuco w’izuba canke iyo umuntu akunda gukubita. Imbonerahamwe iri musi igereranya amahitamwo asanzwe; guhitamwo ibidukikije mbere n’igiciro c’ibintu ubwa kabiri.

 

 

PVC ni yo ikoreshwa kubera imvo: iracapura neza, ipfuka neza igihimba ca RFID, kandi ntizimvye. Intambwe gushika kuri PET-G canke composite iyo ikarita ihanganye n’ubushuhe, gutera ivyatsi bikomeye, canke gukoreshwa cane ku musi ku musi - n’igihe utegura gukora laser-engrave, aho composite ikenewe cane. Ku makarita y'ibice vyihariye, gendaIkarata za RFID za PVCnk’ishingiro ry’ubwubatsi n’uburemere.

 

Uburebure

 

Ubuzima buvana n’incuro umuntu akora, nimba ikarita yicaye mu kintu co kuyikingira, iyo ikoreshwa n’imiti n’imishwarara y’izuba (UV), be n’ingene ikoreshwa kenshi. Nk’uko bigereranywa n’ivy’ubuhinga: imyaka 2–5 mu biro bisanzwe, imyaka 1–3 ku bijanye no gukoresha ubuhinga bwo gukoresha amakuru menshi, n’imyaka 1–2 kubera gukoresha ubuhinga bwo gukoresha amakuru hanze bivanye n’ivyo umuntu apfutse. Ivyo ubifate nk’ibiharuro vy’imigambi, ntubifate nk’ivyemezo.

 

Uburyo bwo gucapura ikarita y'indangamuntu, guheza, n'amakuru ahinduka

 

Uburyo bwo gucapura buragira ico bukoze ku buryo bw'amafoto, uburemere, igiciro c'ikarita, n'ingene ikarita yose ishobora gutwara amakuru yihariye.

 

Amahitamwo yo guheza hejuru y’icapa: gucapura bica ibibatsi canke bica ibibatsi, gucapura amabara UV, gutera ikidodo ku mpapuro z’inzahabu/ifeza, gutera ikidodo c’ibara ry’agahama, n’ivyanditswe bitobito vyo kurwanya -ibinyoma. Ku porogaramu z'uruganda, inzu yo mu-Gucapura ikarita y'ubwenge no guhindura serivisiiguma icapa n'ugushiramwo amakuru bihuye mu nzira imwe y'akazi.

 

Gucapura amakuru ahinduka

Amakuru ahinduka ni yo ahindura ikarita rusangi ngo ibe ikimenyetso: izina ryihariye, inomero y'indangamuntu, QR canke kode y'uruzitiro, inomero y'urutonde, n'ibibanza vy'uruhara-vyihariye, akenshi biva kuri CSV. Ivyo ni ngombwa mu gufatanya ikarita yose y'umubiri n'inyandiko ya HR canke urutonde rw'amakuru y'ubugenzuzi-. Nimba uriko urapima nimba wocapura vyose imbere canke ugahindura ibintu bitagiramwo ikintu nk’uko bikenewe, raba .ikarita ubusa n'ikarita yacapwe mbere-. Porogarama zishaka gucapura amakarata ku vyo zisaba akenshi zitangura kuva ku .ikarita y'ubusa ya NFC ishobora gucapwa.

 

RFID, NFC, Umurongo w’Imagneti, canke Ikarata y’Ubwenge: Ni iyihe nzira y’ugushiramwo amakuru ihuye na Sisitemu yawe?

Iyi ni yo ngingo kenshi igenda nabi, kuko "ivy'ubuhinga bwa none" kenshi bifatwa nk'"ivy'umutekano mwinshi." Si uko umutekano woroshe - uvana n'igice c'umubiri n'ubuhinga bwaco bwo gukingira, atari umurongo w'incuro. Imbonerahamwe iri musi irashira ahabona amahitamwo ashoboka.

 

Ibisobanuro bikeyi bikwiye gusobanurwamwo. Igipande c’amabuye y’agaciro kirahenda cane ariko kibika amakuru akopororwa bitagoranye; uburyo amahoteli abifatanya n’ubuhinga bushasha buravugwa mu 2012.ingene amakarata y'urufunguzo rwa hoteli akora mu vy'ukuri. A 125 kHz ikarita yo hafimu bisanzwe itangaza UID gusa kandi iragororotse gukora, ariko ni vyiza ku miryango y'akaga gato-ariko si ku bice bitekanye. AMIFARE ikarita ya kera 1Kni ikintu gihuye cane ariko gifise intege nke z’ubuhinga bwo gukingira amakuru. Kugira ngo ubone umutekano mwinshi vy'ukuri ku 13.56 MHz ushaka DESFire, aho igice gifise ubuhinga bwo gukingira AES n'icemezo ca EAL5+ - raba umuryango wa NXP wa MIFARE DESFire ku bushobozi bushingiyeko. Kandi "NFC" ni inyifato, si urugero rw'umutekano; sticker ya NTAG n’ikarita ya DESFire vyose ni NFC, bifise uburinzi butandukanye cane. Nimba itandukaniro rya RFID-n'-NFC rikiri ry'agahomerabunwa, iciyumviro cacu kuitandukaniro hagati ya RFID na NFCn’ibisobanuro vyagutse vy’Ihuriro rya NFC ni ibimenyetso vyiza.

 

Umutekano mu bice bitatu bikora

• Nshingiro:ifoto + inomero y’urutonde + QR canke kode y’uruzitiro. Ibereye ku nzira z'abashitsi n'ibimenyetso vy'akaga gato-.
• Hagati:wongereko wino ya UV, igipfukisho c’ibara ry’umubiri, n’ivyemezo vya MIFARE. Ivyagezwe bibereye kuri porogarama nyinshi z’amashirahamwe n’iz’amashure.
• Hejuru:a DESFire canke contact chip y'ubwenge n'ukwemeza kwa AES/cryptographic, hamwe n'ugucapura kwa laser n'uguhindura-ibigaragara. Ku vyerekeye amafaranga, leta, n’ibice bibujijwe.
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Urutonde rw'ibihuye imbere yo gushiramwo kode

Igikunze gukoreshwa cane si uburyo bwo gucapura - ni ugushiramwo amakuru abasomyi bariho badashobora gusoma. Imbere yo gusaba amakarita y'ibice, wemeze:

• Incuro y’umusomyi (125 kHz vs 13.56 MHz) n’umuryango nyawo w’ibice bishigikira.
• Nimba iyo panel isoma gusa UID, canke umuce / dosiye y'ikoreshwa yihariye itegerezwa gushirwamwo.
• Imfunguruzo zo gupfuka n'ibisabwa vyo gucunga urufunguzo- - n'uwuzifise.
• Uko porogaramu yawe y'ubugenzuzi bw'ukwinjira-mu vy'ukuri ishigikira igice utegura kugura.
• Igihambaye kuruta ibindi vyose: gushiramwo amakuru no kugerageza ikarita imwe y’akarorero ku musomyi nyawe imbere y’uko wemerera gukora vyose.

 

Ikarata y’Indangamuntu y’Igihugu Igura Ibingana Iki?

Igiciro gishingiye ubwa mbere ku rugero, hanyuma ku bwoko bw’ibice, hanyuma ku guheza n’ibikoresho. Ivyiyumviro vy'umubare ni vyoroshe - 50 amakarita atwara igiciro kinini cane ku-imwe kubera ko ugutegura ari kwo kuganza, amakarita 250 aronka igiciro gisanzwe, kandi amakarita 1,000+ ashika kugiciro gitoyi ku-imwe. Ico abaguzi bakunda gushaka gutahura ni .ni ibikibariko bariha.

 

Igizunguruko kimwe kinini cane akenshi ni igice c’umubiri. Kuva ku ikarita y’ishimikiro ya 125 kHz uja ku ikarita y’ishimikiro ya 13.56 MHz bihindura igiharuro c’ibikoresho mu buryo bufise insiguro; ukugereranya mu125 kHz ugereranije na 13.56 MHzyerekana ingene ivyo bigenda. Raba n’abashoferi bihishije: ugushiramwo amakuru, uguhuza amabara bikomeye, ibiranga umutekano vy’ibice, n’ugusubiramwo mu gihe co gukosora.

 

Ugukora kw'ibikorwa, gushingira intahe, n'uguhindura

Itegeko ry’ikarita ry’abantu risanzwe rigenda biciye mu rutonde rushobora gutegekanirwa: gutanga ibishushanyo n’idosiye y’amakuru (CSV ku makuru ahinduka), kwakira ikimenyamenya ca PDF c’ubuhinga bwa none, kwemeza mu buryo butari bwo ivyerekanwa vy’umubiri, gukora ibikorwa, gushiramwo amakode y’ibice aho bishoboka, guca mu gusuzuma uburyo, no kubirungika.

 

Imbere-urutonde rw'ibimenyamenya

Imbere yo kwemeza kwiruka, suzuma:

• Inyuguti z'amazina, amazina y'icubahiro, n'ibibanza vy'ishami.
• Gukura amafoto, gukayangana, n’ugutandukanya.
• Igisata canke uruhara rw’amabara.
• Ko barcode yose na QR code zicapura neza.
• Ko ikarita y’akarorero isoma kandi igashiramwo amakuru ku musomyi w’intumbero.
• Igipfunsi-ikibanza c'umwobo kijanye n'aho antene iri.

 

Guhindura - n'ivyo ivyangombwa vy'ukuri ari

Uguhingura ibintu bisanzwe bimara imisi 3–7 y’akazi. Ibikorwa vyihuta vy’amasaha 24–48 birashoboka gusa ku makarita asanzwe acapwe, mu bwinshi buke, inyuma y’ukwemererwa kw’ibimenyamenya imbere y’uko umusi wose uhagarara, kandi hatarimwo igihe co kohereza n’ugushiramwo amakuru agoranye. Ivyuma bikomeye vy’ugushiramwo amakuru canke ibiranga umutekano vy’imigwi biratuma urutonde rw’igihe ruramba.

 

Uko woshiramwo amakarata y'indangamuntu muri sisitemu yawe yo kugenzura uburenganzira bwo kwinjira

 

Gutegura amakuru yawe n'amafoto yawe

Ku makuru ahinduka-n'amakarata akodeshejwe, dosiye y'amakuru akenshi ikenera inkingi z'Indangamuntu y'umukozi/umunyeshure, izina ryose, igisata, uruhara, n'igihe co guhera - hamwe n'umwanya w'ikarita nimba uriko uraboha UID y'ikarita yihariye ku nyandiko. Kwemeranya ku bijanye n’izina ry’idosiye y’amafoto- (mu bisanzwe ni inomero y’indangamuntu), gufata ingingo y’uwutanga agaciro ka QR/barcode, gusobanura ingene amakuru y’umuntu ku giti ciwe afatwa no kubikwa, no gukosora dosiye imbere y’uko ija mu gukora. Ivyinshi mu bibazo vyo gushiramwo amakuru biva ku rutonde rw’ibiharuro rudasanzwe, atari ku bikoresho.

 

Uguhuza kw'abasomyi n'imiterere y'ibintu

Nimba kandi uriko uradondora canke utera imbere abasomyi, ushire hamwe ivyemezo n’urupapuro aho kubanza kugura amakarata; urutonde rwacu rwagushika ku-kugenzura abasomyi ba RFIDyerekana incuro n'imiryango y'ibice bishigikiwe. Ku bashitsi, ibirori, canke ibidukikije bitose nk'ibitaro n'ibidengeri aho ikarita idasanzwe, umukanda wo ku kuboko ushobora gutwara ivyemezo bimwe - rabaAmahitamwo y'umukanda wo ku maboko wa RFID.

 

Gusubirira n'ingendo y'ubuzima

Yubaka politike imbere y’igihe: ikarita yazimiye ikwiye gusubirwamwo kandi icemezo ca kera kigaca kizimwa ubwo nyene; ikarita yononekaye irasubirwamwo kandi igasubirwamwo-; kandi guhindura uruhara bishobora gusaba gusubira gusohoka igice canke vyose bivanye n'ingene sisitemu yawe ibika uruhusha.

 

Ibikoresho vy'isi vy'ukuri-

Iryo koraniro ry’ikarata nyene rirahuza n’inganda zose. Ibiro vy’amashirahamwe bifatanya ikarita ya PVC y’amamiliyoni 30 n’icemezo ca MIFARE kugira ngo umuntu ashobore kwinjira mu muryango no kujayo.Kaminuzagufatanya ububiko bw'ibitabo, uburiro, n'ugushikira ku nzira imwe y'ubuhinga bwinshi- canke ikarita y'abanyeshure y'incuro zibiri-. Ivyuma bikora ibikoresho bikeneye amakarata 40 mil afise ivyuma bishobora gukingira -ibikomere kugira ngo umuntu ashobore gushika mu karere no gukurikirana ibikorwa mu bidukikije vy’umwanda. Ibigo vy'ubuvuzi bifatanya amakarata y'abakozi akomeye y'ibice bibujijwe n'ibara-bifise amakode, igihe-ibimenyetso vy'abashitsi bifise aho bigarukira bihita bihera.

 

Ibikoresho n'Iranguka

Amakarata ntabwo akunda kurungikwa yonyene. Ibikoresho bisanzwe birimwo imigozi isanzwe canke isanzwe, imigozi y’ibimenyetso ishobora gusubirwamwo, ibikoresho bikomeye canke bishobora guhinduka vy’ivyuma vy’i PVC, n’ibikoresho vy’amabuye y’agaciro canke ivyuma vy’amabuye y’agaciro. Ku maporogarama manini, gushiramwo ibikoresho (ikarita hamwe n'umugozi hamwe n'igifata), ibirungikwa mu bice canke mu bice, gushiramwo-ibirungikwa ku mbuga nyinshi, no gusubiramwo infashanyo vyose bigabanya umuzigo w'ubuyobozi ku mukiriya.

 

Ni mwiteguye gusaba amakarata y’indangamuntu?

Kugira ngo wihute, tegura ikimenyetso c'umurongo (SVG canke PNG y'ubushobozi buhambaye-), urutonde rw'amakuru y'abakoresha mu buryo bwa CSV, ubwoko bw'ikarita yawe n'ingero, n'ibisabwa vyawe vyo gushiramwo canke gushika ku -sisitemu. Ufise abo mu minwe urashobora gusaba igiciro n’ikimenyamenya c’ubuhinga bwa none, canke ukaganira kuri porogarama yuzuye biciye ku .OEM/ODM guhingura ikaritaimbere y’uko yiyemeza kwiruka bimwe bishitse.

 

IBIBAZO bibazwa

Ni ubuhe buryo bwa dosiye bwiza bwo gucapura ikarata y’indangamuntu?

PDF/X canke uburyo bwo gucapura (AI/EPS) ni bwo butanga ibisubizo vy’ukuri kuruta ibindi vyose. Gutanga ibimenyetso nk'amadosiye y'ibiharuro no kwubaka vyose muri CMYK ku 300 DPI canke hejuru.

 

Ni ikihe gikoresho c’ikarata y’indangamuntu gikomeye cane?

PVC ni co kigereranyo kandi gikora neza mu gukoresha buri musi. Ku bijanye n’uguhangana n’ubushuhe, gukoresha ibintu bikomeye, canke gucapura n’umuyagankuba, PET-G canke PVC/PET composite iramara igihe kirekire, ku giciro kinini c’ikintu.

 

Ni itandukaniro irihe riri hagati y’amakarata ya RFID n’aya NFC?

RFID ni umuryango wagutse w’ubuhinga butagira ico bukora; NFC ni 13.56 MHz subset yubatswe ku rugero rugufi-, telefone-imigenderanire y'abagenzi. Umutekano ushirwaho n'igice c'umubiri, atari n'ikimenyetso - ikarita ya NFC ishobora kuba y'ishimikiro cane canke itekanye cane bivanye n'uko ikoresha igice ca NTAG canke DESFire.

 

None nohitamwo 125 kHz, MIFARE ya kera, canke DESFire?

Koresha 125 kHz ku muryango woroshe, ufise ingorane nto -ku bipande vy'iragi; MIFARE Classic ku bijanye no gushika muri rusangi aho umutekano mwinshi udakenewe; na DESFire EV2/EV3 iyo ukeneye umutekano w'urugero rwa AES-ku bice bibujijwe, ivy'uguca, canke amakarita y'ibikorwa vyinshi-.

 

Nokwemeza gute ko amakarata azokorana n’abasomyi banje bariho?

Huza incuro z'umusomyi n'umuryango nyawo w'ibice, wemeze nimba isoma UID canke dosiye y'umuce/ikoreshwa, genzura ibisabwa vy'urufunguzo rw'ububiko-, kandi wama ugerageza ikarita imwe y'akarorero yakode ku musomyi nyawe imbere y'uko ukora vyose.

 

Ni dosiye iyihe y'amakuru nkeneye kugira ngo ncape ibihinduka?

CSV ifise umurongo umwe ku muntu wese afise ikarita, inkingi z'inomero y'indangamuntu, izina, igisata, uruhara, n'igihe co guhera, ifoto-ihuriro ry'amazina, n'amasezerano y'uwutanga agaciro ka barcode/QR. Amakuru asukuye abuza amakosa menshi yo gushiramwo amakuru.

 

Mbega igipfunsi coba coshobora kwonona antene ya RFID?

Ishobora, iyo ishizwe hejuru y’uruzitiro rw’antene. Koresha urugero rufise ikimenyetso c'antene no-ahantu h'ugutera, canke ugaragaze ahantu h'ugutera h'aho antene ishobora gutera.

 

None ivyo gukora bifata igihe kingana iki?

Kenshi na kenshi imisi 3–7 y’akazi. Rush 24–48 hour service ikoreshwa ku makarita asanzwe acapwe mu bwinshi buto, inyuma y’ukwemererwa kw’ibimenyamenya, kandi ntibirimwo ugutuma n’ugushiramwo amakuru agoranye.

 

Noshobora gusubiramwo akarorero imbere y’uko nkora vyose?

Egome. Ikimenyamenya c'umubare ni ikigereranyo, kandi urugero rw'umubiri rushobora gukorwa kugira ngo rwemezwe - ruremeshwa cane ku rutonde urwo ari rwo rwose rwa chip-koded.

 

Ni igiki gitera ingaruka cane ku giciro?

Igitigiri mbere, hanyuma ubwoko bw’igice (igice gitekanye nka DESFire kigura amahera menshi cane kuruta 125 kHz y’ishimikiro), hanyuma guheza n’ibikoresho.

 

Mbega amakarata y'indangamuntu y'ubugenzi bw'ibidukikije araboneka?

Ego - PVC yasubiwemwo, PVC-ibikomoka ku buntu, n'ibikoresho bishingiye kuri PLA-. Saba ishingiro ryihariye ry'ikirego (ugusubira gukoreshwa, ibirimwo vyasubiwemwo, canke ukugendera ku mategeko ya RoHS/REACH) aho gusaba ikimenyetso rusangi "eco", kandi witege ubuzima busanzwe canke ubucuruzi bw'igiciro-.